Edit filter log

'{{Short description|Fruit of several passion flower species}}poop [[File:Maracujá em fundo preto (2).JPG|thumb|'''A ripe passion fruit'''|alt=pashen fruit]] The '''passion fruit''' (Portuguese: maracujá and Spanish: maracuyá, both from the [[Tupi language|Tupi]] mara kuya "fruit that serves itself" or "food in a [[wikt:cuia#Portuguese|cuia]]") is the [[fruit]] of a number of plants in the genus ''[[Passiflora]]''.<ref name="morton">{{cite web|url=https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/passionfruit.html|title=Passionfruit, p. 320–328; In: Fruits of Warm Climates|year=1987|author=Morton JF|publisher=NewCrop, Center for New Crops and Plant Products, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture at Purdue University, W. Lafayette, Indiana|accessdate=22 January 2020}}</ref><ref name="Hill2008">{{cite book|author=Dennis S. Hill|title=Pests of Crops in Warmer Climates and Their Control|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U5dezH9_eEMC&dq=%22Passion+fruit%22+%22Giant+granadilla%22&pg=PA605|date=16 July 2008|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4020-6738-9|pages=605–}}</ref> == Description== Passion fruits are [[spherical|round]] or [[spheroid|oval]], and range from a width of 1.5 to 3 inches (3.81 to 7.62 centimeters).<ref name="morton" /> They can be yellow, red, purple, and green.<ref name="morton" /> == History == The passion fruit was first introduced to Europe in 1553.<ref>{{Cite web|title=HS1406/HS1406: The Passion Fruit in Florida|url=https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS1406|access-date=2022-02-17|website=edis.ifas.ufl.edu|language=en}}</ref> == Etymology == {{See also|Passiflora#Etymology and names}} === Maracujá === The Portuguese {{Lang|pt|maracujá}} and Spanish {{Lang|es|maracuyá}} are both derived from the [[Tupi language|Tupi]] {{Lang|tup|mara kuya}} "fruit that serves itself" or "food in a [[wikt:cuia#Portuguese|cuia]]". === Passion fruit === The term 'passion fruit' in English comes from the [[passion flower]], as an English translation of the Latin genus name, ''Passiflora'', and may be spelled "passion fruit", "passionfruit", or "passion-fruit".<ref name="morton" /><ref name="davidson" /> Around 1700, the name ''Passiflora'' was given by [[Spanish missions in South America|missionaries]] in [[Brazil]] as an educational aid to convert the indigenous inhabitants to [[Christianity]]: its name was ''flor das cinco chagas'' or "flower of the five wounds" to illustrate the [[crucifixion]] of Christ and his resurrection,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rachelsorchard.com/passion-fruit/|title= Origin of the Name Passionfruit}}</ref> with other plant components also named after an emblem in the [[Passion of Jesus]].<ref name="davidson">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIIeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA597|title=Passion-fruit; In: The Oxford Companion to Food (page 597; Ed. 3)|author=Davidson, Alan|publisher=Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK|year=2014|isbn=978-0191040726}}</ref> ==Varieties== [[File:Funchal_Public_Market_-_16.jpg|thumb|A variety of passion fruits at a market in Portugal]] Well known edible passion fruits can be divided into four main types: * purple passion fruit (fruits of ''[[Passiflora edulis]]'' Sims), * yellow passion fruit (''Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa'' Deg.), * sweet granadilla (''[[Passiflora ligularis]]''), * giant granadilla (''[[Passiflora quadrangularis]]'' L.).<ref name="CompanyClinic2002">{{cite book|author1=Experts from Dole Food Company|author2=Experts from The Mayo Clinic|author3=Experts from UCLA Center for H|title=Encyclopedia of Foods: A Guide to Healthy Nutrition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wLf8IpZDh48C&dq=%22Passion+fruit%22+%22Giant+granadilla%22&pg=PA195|date=13 January 2002|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-053087-1|pages=195–}}</ref> ==Uses== The fruits have a juicy edible center composed of a large number of [[Seed|seeds]].<ref name=morton/> The part of the fruit that is used (eaten) is the pulpy juicy seeds. Passion fruits can also be squeezed to make [[juice]].<ref name=morton/> It is also used in pastries and other baked products. == Composition == === Nutrition === {{Nutritional value | name=Passion fruit (granadilla) <br><small>purple, raw per 100 grams</small> | kJ=406 | protein=2.2 g | fat=0.7 g | carbs=23.4 g | fiber=10.4 g | sugars=11.2 g | calcium_mg=12 | iron_mg=1.6 | magnesium_mg=29 | phosphorus_mg=68 | potassium_mg=348 | sodium_mg=28 | zinc_mg=0.1 | vitC_mg=30 | riboflavin_mg=0.13 | niacin_mg=1.5 | vitB6_mg=0.1 | folate_ug=14 | choline_mg=7.6 | vitA_ug=64 | betacarotene_ug=743 | vitK_ug=0.7 | copper=0.086 mg | selenium=0.06 mg | opt1n=Water | opt1v=72.9 g | source_usda=1 | note=[https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169108/nutrients Full Link to USDA Database entry] }} Raw passion fruit is 73% water, 23% [[carbohydrate]]s, 2% [[protein (nutrient)|protein]], and 1% [[fat]] (table). In a 100 gram reference amount, raw passion fruit supplies 97 [[calorie]]s, and is a rich source of [[vitamin C]] (36% of the [[Daily Value]], DV) and a moderate source of [[riboflavin]] (11% DV), [[Niacin (nutrient)|niacin]] (10% DV), [[iron]] (12% DV), and [[phosphorus]] (10% DV) (table). No other [[micronutrient]]s are in significant content. === Phytochemicals === Several varieties of passion fruit are rich in [[polyphenol]]s,<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=12568552 |title=Phytochemical composition and antioxidant stability of fortified yellow passion fruit (''Passiflora edulis'') |vauthors=Talcott ST, Percival SS, Pittet-Moore J, Celoria C |journal=J Agric Food Chem |year= 2003 |volume=51 |issue=4 |pages=935–41 |doi=10.1021/jf020769q}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity in passion fruit (Passiflora) cultivars|vauthors=Devi Ramaiya S, Bujang JS, Zakaria MH, King WS, Shaffiq Sahrir MA |journal=J Sci Food Agric|year=2013|volume=93|issue=5|pages=1198–1205|doi= 10.1002/jsfa.5876|pmid=23027609}}</ref> and some contain [[prunasin]] and other [[Glycoside#Cyanogenic glycosides|cyanogenic glycosides]] in the [[peel (fruit)|peel]] and juice.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/jf960381t|title=Identification and Quantification of Passion Fruit Cyanogenic Glycosides |vauthors=Chassagne D, Crouzet JC, Bayonove CL, Baumes RL |journal=J Agric Food Chem |year=1996 |volume=44 |issue=12 |pages=3817–3820}}</ref> == Gallery == <gallery> File:Passion fruits - whole and halved.jpg|Purple passion fruit (''[[Passiflora edulis]]'') File:Maracuyá.jpg|Yellow passion fruit (''[[Passiflora edulis]] f. flavicarpa'') File:Sweet granadillas (Passiflora ligularis) - whole and cross section.jpg|''Passiflora ligularis'' fruit File:Traffic-light Passion Fruit.jpg|Red, yellow, and green ''Passiflora edulis'' File:Badea.jpg|Giant granadilla (''[[Passiflora quadrangularis]]'' L.) File:Unripe passion fruit.jpg|Unripe common passion fruit </gallery> == See also == * [[Fassionola]] * [[Pog (drink)|POG juice]] == References == {{reflist}} [[Category:Tropical fruit]]'